Video title: [Negotiation of the Century! How was the West-East Gas Pipeline built? 】 When I saw this title. The ancients were immediately attracted by the four words"transmitting gas from the west to the east". "Transmitting gas from west to east? What's the meaning?" "Does it mean to transport the air from the west to the east?" "gas? what is that?" Many people were confused. They didn't understand what the Qi referred to in the title was. But they didn't have to wonder for too long. Then, a message came slowly from the sky.
【In modern social life, more and more of us are enjoying the convenience that natural gas brings to mankind.】 【Friends who live in the city will say that my family uses natural gas for cooking.】 【Friends who live in rural areas will say that the fertilizer I use at home is produced with natural gas.】 【Natural gas is one of the safer gases and plays a huge role in many aspects of our lives, including food, clothing, housing and transportation.】 【Such as cooking, heating, planting, transportation, industry, used to produce chemical fertilizers, chemical fibers, power generation, etc.】 【With the development of the world economy, the impact of the oil crisis and the increasingly serious environmental pollution problems caused by coal and oil, the energy structure has gradually changed, and the consumption of natural gas has increased sharply.】 【When many people use natural gas in their daily life, have they ever thought about a question - where does the natural gas we use come from? 】 Same as the previous video. The video begins. Tianmu began to introduce what natural gas is. And when I saw the introduction of the marquee. After seeing that this small gas can have so many effects. Countless ancients were also surprised "It's amazing!" "This small gas has so many uses?" "Moreover, it can be used for cooking, heating, and even generating electricity?" "Then isn’t this omnipotent?" "How many good things will there be in future generations!" The ancients were amazed again and again.
The people were like this. And for the emperors, they were even more excited to see it. In the Ming Dynasty, Lao Zhu's eyes were about to pop out! "Is there such a treasure in this world?" "Then wouldn’t future generations no longer need to burn firewood and coal?" Thinking that people no longer need to burn firewood for cooking. Lao Zhu was immediately shocked! Why? Because there is really a shortage of firewood near Yingtian! In later generations, people mentioned the natural environment and forest coverage. Many people will subconsciously I feel that there was no industry in ancient times. There was no large-scale machinery to cut down trees. The natural environment in ancient times was far better than in modern times. But in fact, the fact is just the opposite. 347. Our forest coverage in modern times is far higher than that in ancient times. If we travel back to the Ming Dynasty You will find out in time. At that time, there were far less forests in the Central Plains than there are now. Many places were even completely bare. There were plains lacking trees and bare mountains everywhere. To put it bluntly, the current forest coverage rate said It is the best era in the past 1,000 years. In fact, it is not only the Ming Dynasty. As far back as the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties, there were already few trees in the Central Plains. It was limited by the production capacity and economic conditions at that time. Cooking and heating in winter People can only use firewood every day. Due to the large population around some big cities, the demand for firewood has increased sharply, and deforestation has become increasingly serious. Therefore. When seeing that this natural gas can be used for cooking, not only Lao Zhu. Datang Li Er from the plane,
Zhao Zhen from the Great Song Dynasty, and others all couldn't help but have a strong interest. "Where does this natural gas come from?" "Could it be that, like that electricity, it could be created out of thin air?" Looking at the sky, everyone is looking forward to it inexplicably 【Where does natural gas come from?】 【When this issue is mentioned, I believe that many people in the eastern region will immediately think of one word-West-East Gas Transmission】 【Yes, natural gas, as a natural resource extracted from the ground, has very huge reserves in the western region of our country.】 【And it is precisely because of the West-East Gas Pipeline project of the century that we can achieve natural gas freedom】 【So how was the huge project of West-East Gas Transmission completed?】 【Next, please follow our perspective and return to 1950, to the beginning of everything. 】 The sky curtain is after the opening of the title. The topic is introduced to the theme of this video - West-East Gas Transmission. And through this part of the content. The ancients finally understood where natural gas came from "Is it stored underground?" "Wouldn't that be the same as coal?" The plane of the Ming Dynasty. Lao Zhu was very surprised. There are all kinds of resources buried in the vast underground. Gold, silver, copper, iron and so on. But he has never heard of such a thing as natural gas. Tianmu......Are you making fun of him? With a scrutinizing gaze. Lao Zhu continues to read 【In 1950, Huaxia and Damao reached an agreement to jointly establish an oil company to conduct oil exploration.】 【The exploration site they chose is the Tarim Basin in western my country.】 【The Tarim Basin was chosen because oil and gas fields have been discovered in the Tajik Basin and the Fergana Basin, which are connected to the Tarim.】 【However, the reality was not satisfactory. After two years of exploration, the Chinese and Soviet teams circled around the Tarim, but no oil or gas was found.】 【In 1954, Damao handed over the oil company to China and exploration stopped.】 【After the big experts left, our country's technical staff took the lead. They decided to go to the hinterland of the desert to have a look.】
【......】 【In the years that followed, after many explorations and hundreds of thousands of people entering the hinterland of the desert, they finally found the oil field they had dreamed of during the Sixth Battle of Tarim in 1998!】 【After two years of exploration, this oil field named Kela 2 has a gas area of 47 square kilometers and natural gas reserves of 284 billion cubic meters. Its large reserves and high abundance are rare in the country. It is the largest high-quality integrated gas field in China so far! 】 The length of this video is very long. The exploration part alone lasted more than ten minutes. And in these ten minutes. The time span is nearly half a century. Countless prospectors poured into the desert one after another. When seeing these explorers under the scorching summer heat. Under the severe cold of minus 30 degrees Celsius. Still struggling hard in the sea of death. Just to find that huge oil and gas field that can change the destiny of the country. Countless ancient people were moved! "Judging from the location on this map......Is this the sea of death in the Western Region?" "For decades, countless people came one after another, and they were still in the desert! In the sea of death! Oh My God! This difficulty is too high!" "He is truly a warrior!" The ancients were extremely shocked. The emperors silently wrote down the location of the oil and gas fields marked on the map. As mentioned before, many emperors really wanted to see the distribution map of China's mineral deposits from the sky. But they have always been unable to do so. They failed to do so. So strictly speaking, this was the first time they got information from the sky. The first mineral deposit they knew! Although they are not yet able to use the two energy sources of oil and gas. "Found it, found it" "But this oil and gas field is located in the desert" "This place is extremely far away from the hinterland of China, so how can we transport it away?" The plane of the Tang Dynasty. Li Er saw that decades of searching finally paid off. While he breathed a sigh of relief for future generations, he also couldn't help but become curious.
Natural gas. In a literal sense. (To read Baoshuang novels, go to Feilu Novel Network!) It is not difficult to know that this is a gas. And gas is different from coal, gold and silver. It is extremely difficult to transport "Transmitting gas from west to east?" "Project of the century?" "Could it be that later generations created some miracles?" Li Er looked at Tianmu. He was particularly curious. And soon, Tianmu's story also entered the next stage. 【The natural gas game between China and Europe has always been the focus of world energy, but few people have noticed that the most expensive region in the world to import natural gas is East Asia.】 【Natural gas transportation is divided into two types, pipeline natural gas (PNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). For example, Damao and Europe have pipeline natural gas.】 【But sometimes countries are not bordering each other, so natural gas needs to be pressurized and liquefied, and then transported by sea, which is liquefied natural gas.】 【Affected by its resource endowment, East Asia has always been the largest buyer of global LNG trade.】[] 【Among them, the top three countries in LNG import volume in East Asia are Huaxia, Waguo, and Bangzi.】 【Yes, before again, most of our country’s natural gas resources (ahfi) relied on imports.】 【Even if the import volume is large, it is more expensive for us to purchase natural gas than other countries!】 【The price we have to pay for the same natural gas is three times that of North America and twice that of Europe.】 【This is because natural gas pricing is the completion of market competition between PNG and LNG.】 【The price of natural gas in North America and Europe is formed through price competition of pipeline natural gas. Whoever has the lower price will use it.】 【But what East Asia imports is liquefied natural gas, which is price-linked. Regardless of market resources, it can only be sold at a high price.】 【Therefore, we not only need to transport natural gas from the west, but also lay the foundation for national pipelines】 【If we can build a pipeline network so that both LNG and PNG can reach every city unimpeded, then we can achieve market-based competition between LNG and PNG. We will use whoever is cheaper, breaking the"Asian premium""！】 This part is a bit complicated. Most of the ancients heard it in confusion. But there are still some people who vaguely grasp the core. simply put.
Transport natural gas out of the West. Not only can it break dependence on high-priced imports. He can even become a player on the world’s natural gas poker table. Have pricing power! "It is of such great significance that it must not be accomplished easily." The Great Qin Plane. Ying Zheng also understood. The more he knew the significance of this project, the more difficult he felt. After all, this is generally the case in the world. The importance of a thing is directly proportional to its difficulty. Nothing great is ever achieved easily "So how was this west-east gas pipeline project completed?" Thinking of the difficulty involved, Ying Zheng became even more curious. 【The existence of Carat 2 is due to an ideal cover, but the specialness of Carat 2 does not end there.】 【Oil and natural gas often occur in associated forms underground, but in different proportions】 【In the past oil and gas exploration in China, the ratios were 1: in the Tarim Southwest Depression, 1: in the Tuha Basin, 1: in the Junggar, and 1: in Qaidam. Except for the Southwest Tarim Depression, they were basically rich in oil and gas. Less, which means that natural gas cannot be well utilized.】 【But Kra 2 is different. Its oil and gas ratio is 1:5. It is almost a gas field specially customized for the West-East Gas Pipeline.】 【So in October 1998, the year Kra 2 was launched, we launched a gas transmission plan to build a pipeline with an annual transmission capacity of 12 billion cubic meters to transport the natural gas from the Tarim Basin to the easternmost part of the motherland.】 【The entire West-East Gas Pipeline project can be divided into three parts: upstream gas field development, midstream pipeline transportation, and downstream market operations.】 【This is an extremely huge project】 【At the same time, he is also in many difficulties!】 【By convention, such major projects involving people's livelihood development are led by the state and constructed by state-owned enterprises.】 【However, everything has its time background】 【First of all, the length of the West-East Gas Pipeline is more than 4,000 kilometers, and it has to cross mountains and rivers. It is a world-class pipeline project. At that time, we had no experience in building such a super project.】 【Secondly, when the West-East Gas Transmission Project was established, my country was undergoing WTO negotiations and actively joined the world industrial chain.】 【Considering various factors, our country decided to】 【First, the West-East Gas Transmission Project is fully market-oriented and we will develop the market and build the pipeline ourselves.】
【Second, as long as the upstream gas source and the downstream market are in our hands, the midstream pipeline project can be completely liberalized to attract international investment. We can find companies with pipeline experience to jointly invest. They make money and we can learn from it.】 【These two decisions were in line with the environment at the time. In addition, the West-East Gas Transmission was the first step for KF to express its determination to open up to the outside world.】 【In December 2000, the West-East Gas Transmission Working Group officially published an investment announcement】 【This is my country's largest foreign joint venture project. Once the investment announcement was issued, it immediately attracted nearly a hundred international companies.】 【In May 2001, after review by an expert group, four companies including Exxon Mobil, Gazprom, Holland Shell, and BP Group were selected into the partner list, with Deutsche Bank serving as financial advisor.】 【Thus, a negotiation of the century began! 】 The pipeline length exceeds 4,000 kilometers. Across mountains and rivers! When seeing the specific content of the West-East Gas Transmission Project. For a while. Countless emperors were shocked by this generous act! Ying Zheng was dumbfounded:"4,000 kilometers? Isn't this wider than our territory of Great Qin?" Liu Che's eyes sparkled:"There are great treasures in the Western Regions! With such mineral deposits, I must include the Western Regions in my Han territory in my lifetime!" Cao Cao He sighed:"China has a vast territory and abundant mineral resources. If Tianmu can show me more maps of the distribution of mineral deposits, that would be my wish." Liu Bei was lost in despair:"This......People in later generations often carry out such earth-shattering projects and great deeds! How fascinating! Zhuge Liang was also extremely shocked. He exclaimed:"There are unparalleled water conservancy projects like the Three Gorges in front of us. This is a great undertaking that requires thousands of kilometers. It is really unimaginable that future generations can change the world!" Li Er also yearned for it:"With such great courage, compared with future generations, I am far inferior to them."" The Ming Dynasty. Lao Zhu is a little dissatisfied with the investment promotion. "How can we trust such a huge project to outsiders?" "Let me ask you, what are you afraid of if you have not had such experience before?" "Does everyone know everything from the beginning?" "Later generations were too unsure of themselves and looked for help from others whenever they were in trouble." Although he said this, Lao Zhu also understood in his heart. For such an important project, it is natural to choose the safest plan. But...... Despite these reasons. But the thought of asking for help from outsiders.
It was inevitable that he still felt a little uncomfortable. "I don’t know what the outcome of this investment negotiation will be?" He felt a little scornful in his heart. Lao Zhu looked at the sky. Then he became curious about the next development. And when he remembered the words"negotiation of the century" in the video title, he felt even more hopeful. However, the next content of the video was surprising. He was a little surprised 【But before the cooperation even started, Gazprom withdrew on its own initiative.......】 Um? See this. Lao Zhu suddenly raised his eyebrows. Could it be? Something else happened?.
