Chapter 70 Learn from the Yuan Dynasty’s Pingzhun treasury system!Prepare reserves first! Whether Chen Han said that the treasure banknotes became a piece of waste paper by the Xuande period, or the current situation, the depreciation of the treasure banknotes is a fact.
It is impossible for the common people to be so stupid as to use treasure money foolishly.
Then why did Chen Han say this?
Ling Han, Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Biao were very surprised after hearing this conclusion.
They never thought that Chen Han would come up with such a solution.
They had already accepted the fact that the Ming Dynasty treasure note might be a piece of waste paper.
So I never thought about saving the Ming Dynasty treasure money.
Zhu Yuanzhang also admitted that because of his excessive issuance of treasure banknotes, the treasure banknotes may disappear from the stage of history.
But when Chen Han said that in order to save the silver poison in the Ming Dynasty, he had to save the treasure banknotes, he was still stunned for a long time.
Does Chen Han have an accurate score?
As an emperor, he had enough determination, but he was a little confused about Chen Han's erratic behavior.
And Chen Han also knew that his argument would definitely arouse doubts among the old village chief and Zhu Youwei.
So he explained, "The reason why treasure banknotes will depreciate seriously during the issuance process mainly lies in two major aspects.
One is, of course, the aforementioned excessive number of issuances, and the second is that the channels for withdrawing the banknotes are not smooth.
To put it bluntly, if the emperors of the Ming Dynasty found out that too many treasure banknotes were issued and established a withdrawal system in an orderly manner, maybe the Ming Dynasty treasure banknotes could still survive.
Because after more than ten to twenty years of recuperation, the Ming Dynasty already had a certain material production capacity.
In particular, the handicraft industry has completed detailed classification in many aspects, producing products such as porcelain in Jingdezhen, iron in Foshan, fried tea in Hankou, spinning in Zhuxian, silk from Suzhou and Hangzhou, cotton from Songjiang, porcelain from Fujian, and sugar from Leizhou. , Zigong salt, and other meticulous and developed handicraft industries.
The prosperous handicraft industry promotes the market. Judging from the history of human development, the more prosperous an industry is, the more difficult it is to achieve self-sufficiency and can only conduct market transactions.
In this process, if the treasure banknotes are used properly, they can be produced and sold by themselves.
Because as time goes by, products are constantly enriched, and a moderate amount of inflation or deflation is beneficial to the development of a market economy.
The fault lies in the fact that the Ming Dynasty did not realize all this.
If the Ming Dynasty could actively adapt to the market environment and actively promote commercial development, it would gradually transform agricultural taxation into a diversified tax collection, thus improving the sources of taxation and opening up more financial avenues.
Coupled with the fact that the Ming Dynasty issued its own banknotes in a controlled manner, the Ming Dynasty's banknotes could become a currency system beneficial to the market economy.
It is a pity that the Ming Dynasty adopted a policy that was completely contrary to the market economy. It increased the pace of suppressing business, reduced its interference in business, and lost commercial tax, the largest source of tax revenue.
So in the middle and late period, the developed industry and commerce along the southeast coast produced a large number of wealthy gentry class.
They were accustomed to cultivating their own spokespersons in the officialdom, forming a strong barrier between the court and the gentry.
Once the court wants to adjust taxes through forceful means and touches the interests of these people, they will rebound violently. "
Chen Han shook his head as he spoke, feeling very sorry.
The Ming Dynasty was able to develop rapidly many times, but there were always mistakes that caused development to go awry.
Obviously, the business environment and business development were not inferior to those of the Song Dynasty at all, and were even better in some aspects.
But the country and ordinary people just don't get much benefit, and the gentry class is benefited in vain.
After Chen Han finished sighing with emotion, he said: "Of course, this is all too far-fetched. The meaning is actually very clear. It must be wrong to issue excessive treasure banknotes. First of all, we must fundamentally prevent the imperial court from issuing currency based on the productivity of the entire world.
Secondly, the Ming Dynasty had to learn from the banknote system of the Song and Yuan Dynasties to issue banknotes.
The two Song and Yuan dynasties consciously implemented the reserve system when issuing banknotes.
They realized that once sufficient reserves were not prepared, a large-scale run occurred, which would inevitably lead to the collapse of banknotes.
In particular, we should praise the modern reserve system implemented when the Zhongtong banknotes of the Yuan Dynasty were issued.
The issuance of Zhongtong banknotes in the Yuan Dynasty had a complete process. The Ministry of Accounts set up the "Banknote Collection Department" as the administrative agency in charge of banknotes, which had an overview of the issuance of banknotes. All provinces across the country set up the "Biaochao Banknote Collection Department" to take charge of the issuance of banknotes. Local currency policy.
The [Banknote Printing Bureau] is set up in the capital. Sometimes it is temporarily set up in other provinces in order to temporarily print additional banknotes. The version of the banknotes for printing banknotes is updated almost every year to prevent counterfeit banknotes from appearing.
At the same time, a [Yuanbao Banknote Delivery Treasury] was also established to take charge of the collection and management of new banknotes.
In order to facilitate the people to exchange gold, silver and treasure banknotes with each other, [equal banknote exchange warehouses] were also set up in the capital and various addition to exchanging gold and silver, this institution is also responsible for recycling old banknotes. The old banknotes only require a labor and ink fee of [-] cents, and no other fees are charged. This is already very much like a modern bank. "
When Chen Han said this, he was actually very conflicted.
Because the rule of the Yuan Dynasty brought great suffering to the Han people, but the paper currency issuance mechanism they established was so many years ahead of the world, which is really annoying and admirable.
After sighing in his heart for a while, Chen Han still said: "
The Zhongtong Baochao method generally has the following five principles, which have a very powerful identification effect on Ming Dynasty Baochao.
Village chief, let me tell you. After you finish listening, you should understand why the Ming Dynasty treasure banknotes are so pulpy. "
Zhu Yuanzhang's face looked slightly less good-looking.
Zhu Biao was very interested.
Due to the tone of the entire Ming Dynasty, the whole country looked down upon this knowledge.
Especially some civil servants, when it comes to money, they feel that copper coins are stinky and should not be mentioned on the table.
But this is often the lifeblood of the country.
Chen Han started talking: "First, the central banknotes are not limited to years and months, and are accepted by all provinces. Bad banknotes that cannot be circulated can be exchanged for new banknotes in the official treasury, and a labor and ink fee of 30 yuan will be charged for each issue; The second and most important embodiment is the reserve new banknotes are sent to the banknotes of each province, along with a corresponding amount of precious metals, such as silver or gold, so that people can come to exchange them with their precious silver or gold exchanged in each banknote bank is registered in a book and becomes the reserve fund of the banknote bank; Third, all land taxes, department fees, and taxes are collected in treasure buying and selling of gold, silver, silk and grain in the street market are all priced according to the exchange ratio of silver and treasure banknotes; Fourth, when the old banknotes collected by each banknote bank are collected, they must be immediately stamped with a ruined banknote stamp, counted and recorded, and sealed. Once a quarter, they will be escorted to the Zhongshu Province or the banknote burning bank of each province, where they will be handed down by the provincial official, Inspector, overseeing the burning.
To be honest, this system is much better than the Ming Dynasty which only paid but did not receive.
Fifth, there are severe penalties for printing and using counterfeit banknotes. Basically, anyone caught will be who knows or fails to report the use will be punished according to the severity of the case. "
Chen Han didn't know that he was talking, while Jiang Yu and Ling Han beside him were desperately trying to remember.
These are all national policies that may be implemented in the future.
Ling Han listened and admired secretly.
When I was young, I only knew about the severe depreciation of Zhongtong banknotes and Zhiyuan banknotes, but I didn't expect that they actually had such an advanced system at the beginning.
This is much better than the Ming Dynasty treasure banknotes...
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(End of this chapter)