A nuclear explosion is the process by which a nuclear weapon or device releases a large amount of energy in a matter of microseconds. In order to facilitate comparison with ordinary explosives, the explosive power of nuclear weapons, that is, the energy released by the explosion, is expressed by the weight of the TNT explosive that releases considerable energy, which is called the TNT equivalent; the energy released by the nuclear reaction can increase the temperature of the medium in the reaction zone (also known as the active zone) to tens of millions of cents, and the pressure to billions of atmospheres (1 atmosphere is equal to 101325 Pa), becoming a high-temperature and high-pressure plasma. The high-temperature and high-pressure plasma produced in the reaction zone radiates X-rays, and at the same time rapidly expands outward and compresses the projectile, so that the whole projectile body also becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure plasma and expands rapidly outward, emitting optical radiation, and then forming a shock wave (., shock wave) to propagate to a distance
A nuclear explosion kills and destroys human bodies and objects through effects such as shock waves, optical radiation, early nuclear radiation, nuclear electromagnetic pulses, and radioactive contamination. The first four all work only for a short period of a few tens of seconds after the explosion, while the latter can last for dozens of days or even longer. Shockwaves can destroy ground structures and injure people and animals. Optical radiation, mainly visible light and infrared, can burn people's eyes and skin, and cause fires by burning objects γ; Fission products, unburned nuclear fuel and elements activated by neutrons will condense into dust particles from the vaporized state and settle to the ground, causing radioactive contamination of the ground and air, and the γ and β rays emitted are called residual radiation of nuclear explosions, which can also cause harm to the human body. The γ rays emitted by a nuclear explosion produce Compton scattering on air molecules, and the asymmetrical flow of electrons scattered from the atmosphere provokes electromagnetic pulses that propagate to distant places, which can cause interference and threats to the control and operation of strategic weapons systems and global radio communications over a wide area.
The degree of lethality and destruction of a nuclear explosion is related to the explosion yield and the explosion height. Large-yield airborne explosions of more than 1 million tons mainly play a lethal and destructive role in light radiation and shock waves, and the scope of killing and destruction of optical radiation is particularly large, and it will also cause large-scale fires in cities; small-yield airborne explosions of less than 10,000 tons will have the largest killing range of early nuclear radiation, followed by shock waves, and the smallest light radiation. Aerial explosions can generally only destroy more vulnerable targets, and ground explosions can destroy solid targets, such as underground fortifications, missile silos, etc.; ground explosions form craters, which can destroy about twice the range of underground fortifications in the crater area, and destroy hard ground targets near the explosion point, but the damage range to vulnerable targets is much smaller. Ground explosions can cause widespread radioactive contamination downwind, and unprotected residents will be seriously harmed.
. President Harry S. Truman announced that he was about to conduct two atomic bomb tests on Bikini Island, and after the atomic bomb was exploded, two things happened: the first was that on the day of the atomic bombing, he happened to meet an American director, who was inspired by the atomic bomb explosion and thought that if a woman wore a bikini swimsuit, it would look much better; US President Truman ordered the military to eliminate nuclear radiation, but the scientist said: In order to remove all the nuclear radiation from the beach of Bikini Island, it is necessary to remove all the sand and soil on the beach of Bikini Island, but it is necessary to dig 300 meters deep to completely remove the nuclear radiation. The Bikini Island atomic bomb brought both of these things. The radiation from the atomic bomb on Bikini Island was far greater than that of the Nobeli nuclear power plant. Because 100,000 people were exposed to nuclear radiation on Bikini Island. 8,000 people died from radiation. 14,250 people died from various diseases. But the main cause is nuclear radiation.
PS: The act of discharging nuclear pollution without regard for the countries and the ecological environment is hateful, shameful, and self-destructive.